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The presence of structural chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchange frequencies (SCE) were studied in lymphocytes from 28 male subjects occupationally exposed to vinyl chloride monomer for a period of 9 years. A significant increase in chromosomal damages and elevated SCE frequencies was detected during the third and fourth year of the follow-up study. During the last 2 years, all examined...
A bacterial photomutagenicity test system has been established according to a predetermined protocol using a light source emitting multiple wave lengths, including UV-A and UV-B, and the tester strains used for standard bacterial mutagenicity testing. 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) was used as a photomutagenic positive control showing no mutagenicity in the absence of light and borderline (Salmonella typhimurium...
Cigarette smokers have been reported to void urine which is more mutagenic, as measured in the Ames assay, than urine voided by non-smokers. Condensate from the mainstream smoke of a cigarette which primarily heats tobacco (test cigarette) has shown significantly reduced mutagenicity in a battery of in vitro genotoxicity assays compared with tobacco-burning cigarettes. The objective of this study...
Alterations in mitotic index and cell cycle kinetics are reported to be dependent on both the culture conditions and the ability of the lymphocytes of each individual to respond to phytohaemagglutinin stimulus. Thus, the frequency of structural chromosome aberrations (CA) could prove to be affected to some degree by these parameters. CA frequency and cell proliferation index (PI) were assessed in...
In a preliminary study Bamezai and Kumar (1992) reported that a 24-h period of sleep deprivation may raise sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies up to 193% in peripheral blood lymphocytes. This was reinvestigated to clarify the role of sleep duration as a confounder for SCE, which is a well-established parameter dor biomonitoring in occupational medicine. In our study, the SCE baseline and the...
The plant Solanum trilobatum is mainly used for asthma, chronic febrile affections and difficult parturition. The active principle (Sobatum) obtained from the petroleum ether extract of the plant was proved as an anticancer agent by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Here, an effort was made to evaluate the induction of micronucleus by the Sobatum in the bone marrow of swiss mice. The micronucleus...
Mothers who resided in Brownsville, Texas and who had children with neural tube defects (NTD) were studied to determine whether exposure to environmental mutagens may be a cause of abnormal reproductive outcomes. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 19 of the mothers who had children with NTD and from 14 matched mothers who had normal children and who resided in Corpus Christi, Texas were investigated...
The frequency of chromosomal aberrations was evaluated in more than 500 liquidators of the Chernobyl accident. The 'sarcophagus' builders and the dosimetrists showed the highest frequency of aberrations per 100 cells: 3.24 +/- 0.25 and 3.11 +/- 0.43. For Chernobyl Atomic Power Station staff members the mean frequencies of aberrations per 100 cells was 2.37 +/- 0.20. The mean yields of aberrations...
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